Trainee reporter Song Wei
Correspondent Liang Hong Li Pinghai Chen Jianyu
The health of the nerve endings determines the health of the body. The human body is like this, and the work is the same. How to make financial precision and poverty alleviation work healthy? The People's Bank of China Biyang County Sub-branch of Henan Province started from the interaction of first-line loan officers and poor households with loan needs, so that the work end is healthy first and has achieved solid poverty alleviation results. In 2017, the county issued a total of 462 million yuan for poverty alleviation loans, helping 3,451 households with 11,004 people to achieve stable poverty alleviation. The sub-branch made outstanding achievements in the inspection of the province's participation in the national poverty alleviation. At that time, Xie Fuzhan, secretary of the Henan Provincial Party Committee, fully affirmed the county's “three zeros†industrial poverty alleviation model. Relevant responsible persons made a typical exchange speech on industrial poverty alleviation work at the provincial site meeting. Vice Governor Wang Tie made special instructions on strengthening the policy guarantee and strengthening fund supervision in the county.
Loosing a loan officer
Mobilizing the enthusiasm of lenders
All along, strict accountability for non-performing loans is the sword of Damocles hanging on the grassroots credit officers, which restricts the implementation of the financial precision poverty alleviation policy to a certain extent. Biyang County has built up a risk firewall and internal incentive incentives to help the creditors loosen their debts, so that credit officers can lend money without worry, effectively improving the efficiency of poverty alleviation loans.
The first is to establish a sound risk mitigation mechanism. The Biyang County Sub-branch coordinated the government to set up a 40 million yuan poverty alleviation loan risk compensation fund, and established a “four-in-one†risk sharing mechanism. The post-loan risk of the poverty-stricken households was established by the county government, the bank, and the provincial agricultural credit. The guarantee and provincial re-guarantee group shall be divided according to the proportion of 20%, 20%, 40% and 20%; the 20 million yuan poverty alleviation loan guarantee fund shall be established, and a guarantee platform shall be established to provide guarantee for the construction of the poverty-stricken households and the enterprises with poverty. . The bank has built a good financial and ecological environment, carried out credit township selection activities, granted credit towns and towns to towns and towns with a loan non-performing rate of less than 2%, granted credit villages with villages with a loan non-performing rate of less than 3%, arranged poverty alleviation projects, allocated funds, Policy inclinations and other aspects are preferred. The bank also established a non-performing loan fuse mechanism. If the non-performing loan ratio of townships and towns exceeds 3% and the non-performing rate of administrative village loans exceeds 5%, the loan will be stopped and large-scale financial risks will be avoided.
The second is to establish a supporting incentive mechanism. All financial institutions in Biyang County have issued relevant documents on loan officers' financial precision and poverty alleviation, and strictly implemented them. They have clearly defined measures such as raising salaries and wages for priority loans for financial officers involved in financial poverty alleviation. The Biyang County Rural Credit Cooperative gives priority to providing logistical support for the poverty alleviation loan officers to eat, live and work, and provides a daily living allowance of 500 yuan for each household loan officer. According to statistics, in 2017, various financial institutions in Biyang County organized a total of 165 loan officers to invest in financial poverty alleviation credits. Each loan officer entered the village for more than half a year. It is through the introduction of these policy measures that each credit officer has been loosened, reducing the pressure on lending, so that each loan officer dares to invest, is willing to invest, and actively invests.
Zhou Shugui, who lives in Zhouzhuang Village, Shuangmiao Township, Biyang County, is one of the poor households supported by the Biyang County Branch of the Postal Savings Bank. Due to rheumatism, vascular necrosis was caused by complications in 2013, and the right leg was amputated. The poor household is physically and mentally ill and wants to develop poverty through poverty, but it is hard to invest. After understanding the situation, Wu Danyu, a credit officer of the Postal Savings Bank in the village, took the initiative to dock. Taking into account the inconvenience of the customer's actions, Wu Danyi moved all the loan procedures to Zhou Shugui's home. In just two days, a loan of 50,000 yuan was issued to Zhou Shugui. During the later return visit, Zhou Shugui used 20,000 yuan for the purchase of feed and 30,000 yuan for nearly 40 piglets. After nearly a year of development, the current pig raising scale is about 100, and the basic annual output is About 150 heads, the annual profit reached more than 30,000 yuan.
Find a way for poor households
Mobilizing the enthusiasm of the lender
Poor households are the mainstays of poverty alleviation. If the main body does not move, the poverty alleviation effect will be greatly reduced. Quite a number of poor households are afraid of risk, fear of failure, and lack the courage to take the first step to get rid of poverty. Biyang County has empowered the poor households through the three major projects of raising confidence, giving funds and providing jobs, stimulating the motivation of entrepreneurial officers, and realizing the transition from “I want to do†to “I want to doâ€.
The first is to implement the "increasing confidence" project to solve the poverty of the spirit. Poverty alleviation is a systematic project centered on poor households. To help the poor to help the poor, it is necessary to effectively stimulate the development of endogenous motivation for poor households, so that “poverty alleviation†can be rooted in the hearts of poor households. Therefore, Biyang County has widely publicized financial policies and poverty alleviation knowledge by distributing poverty alleviation calendars, producing financial poverty alleviation printing, posting financial poverty alleviation policies, and organizing financial knowledge counseling sessions, and sending poverty alleviation policies to thousands of households. At the same time, vigorously promote the advanced model of getting rid of poverty and getting rich, and presenting the experience of poverty alleviation and enhancing the confidence of the people to get rid of poverty. Since 2016, Biyang County's financial poverty alleviation special publicity has been held once a month, and poor households have received 100% education.
The second is to implement the “send funds†project to solve the financial difficulties. Biyang County is a well-known “hometown of flowers and mushrooms†and a large county for edible fungi cultivation. It is also the birthplace of Xia Nanniu, the first beef cattle breed in China. There are many poor households engaged in small-scale planting and breeding within the jurisdiction, but With the lack of funds, it is difficult to expand the scale and achieve poverty alleviation. To this end, Biyang County has implemented the “send funds†project, which provides loans to poor households who meet the loan conditions and have capital needs, and implements the “two exemptions and one sticker†policy of no mortgage, no guarantee or government subsidy below 50,000 yuan. . Du Dajian, a poor household in Guanshang Village, Guanzhuang Town, Biyang County, had a success rate of about 70% in the cultivation of mushroom base. The scale was small and basically did not make money. The bank of Yuchuan Village in Biyang County actively cooperated with it to issue a subsidy of 50,000 yuan for poverty alleviation to help it expand its scale. At the same time, the professional mushroom growers who had applied for loans at the bank were invited to teach the mushroom cultivation technology. The success rate of the mushroom base has reached 90%. Since 2017, Biyang County has distributed a total of 186 million yuan of poverty-stricken households, built 4,000 edible fungi planting greenhouses, and promoted more than 1,300 poor people to develop edible fungi industry; 200 of the South China cattle farms with more than 100 heads, and absorbed 2300 poor households. Many households; 2,150 poor households with tobacco leaves, the average income increased by more than 3,000 yuan, and the poverty-stricken households' loan-increasing rate increased from less than 1% to 31.62%, allowing 8845 poor households to create a happy life with their own hands and dignity.
The third is to implement the “send post†project to hang poor households in the industrial chain. Industrial poverty alleviation is a “hematopoietic†and “granting to fish†poverty alleviation. It is a fundamental and long-term poverty alleviation. Biyang County is based on reality, focusing on industrial advantages, selecting five major industries according to local conditions, relying on Xia Nanniu, edible fungi, forest fruit, tobacco, electronics manufacturing and garment processing to create a leading industry that can be seen and obtained by poor households. A zero-risk industry with a poverty model. Through the “three zero†industry development model of zero-cost investment, zero-distance employment and zero-risk operation, Dadi Bacterial Co., Ltd. has helped 182 poor people in 7 villages such as Guozhuang and Wangzhuang to continue to increase their income and achieve poverty alleviation. Biyang County Fengying Garment Co., Ltd. has established 19 “smart daughters†industrial poverty alleviation laboratories in the form of “company + school + base + farmersâ€. On the basis of free training of more than 1,120 rural left-behind women, priority is given to the construction. 286 poor women in the card are employed at the door, and the per capita annual income is 15,000 yuan. Since 2016, the Biyang County Sub-branch of the People's Bank of China has put a total of nearly 800 million yuan in poverty alleviation loans to Biyang County Rural Credit Cooperatives and Biyang Village Banks in Biyang County, with a focus on supporting Hengdu Food, Geotrice, and Fengying Garment. The development of leading enterprises in poverty has led to a large number of poor households to increase their incomes and get rid of poverty.
Rooted in poverty-stricken areas
Realize positive interaction between supply and demand
Accurate poverty alleviation is a tough battle, not a good day. As a “transfusion†type of poverty alleviation, financial poverty alleviation is even more impossible. In order to continue to promote poverty alleviation, the financial sector must take root in poverty-stricken areas and enhance interaction and stickiness with poor households in order to achieve flesh-and-blood integration and interactive development. Biyang County has been sinking into the countryside through the sinking of the institution; deepening the rural market and understanding the nostalgia; adapting to local conditions, innovatively serving the financial products and services of water and soil, and grounding, realizing the flesh-and-blood integration and benign interaction between financial institutions and poverty-stricken areas.
First, establish an in-depth village-level financial poverty alleviation organization system. The county has established a county-level financial poverty alleviation service center, 22 township service stations, and 354 village-level service departments. All of them have office points in the villages. There are loan officers at every point, providing financial services to the poor households anytime and anywhere. service. The Postal Savings Bank Biyang Sub-branch continued to promote the credit service sinking base, and used 19 postal financial outlets in the county as the poverty alleviation credit consultation acceptance point, and established 5 credit franchises, more than 70% distributed in rural areas, and realized poor households. Seamless docking of loan demand. Biyang County Rural Credit Cooperatives, through the establishment of franchise agencies and professional teams, utilizes the unique advantages of rural financial service stations to promote business processes and services to sink, and achieve benign interaction between loan officers and poor households.
The second is to establish a sound financial service file. The county organized the county financial institutions to be stationed in the form of “financial poverty alleviation counselorsâ€, and went to the village to carry out financial activities into the village, covering 22 townships and 157 administrative villages in the county; 32 city-level leading enterprises. Enterprises, 735 new agricultural operators and 34,985 households have established economic archives and credit accounts. The county grants credit to 200,000 households in the county, of which 156,000 are granted to non-poor households, the credit rate is 78%, and the poor households donate 19,200, with a credit rate of 91%.
The third is to create financial products and services suitable for poor areas. Biyang County Rural Credit Cooperatives launched a “Hand in Hand†Poverty Alleviation Loan, Jinyan Poverty Alleviation Small Loan, “Golden Bull Lending†Poverty Alleviation Loan, and launched the “Three Links, Three Delivery, Three Ratios†action (ie: contact to help poor people, contact help) Large professional households and enterprises with support capabilities, contact with relevant government departments and administrative village committee cadres; send funds, send technology, and send warmth; than tracking the number of households, the amount of technology equipment, and the amount of poverty alleviation loans). The county combines the characteristics of remote, inconvenient transportation and scattered living in poverty-stricken areas. Through the convening of financial poverty alleviation site meetings, public handling, centralized examination and approval, and whole village promotion, the loan procedures are completed in one go, and the masses only run once and only fill One-time, only one-time signing, through face-to-face efficient services, increase work transparency and enhance the understanding and trust of poor households. With the deepening of financial poverty alleviation, nowadays in the vast rural areas of Biyang County, finance is no longer the high temperature of the past, but it has truly penetrated into the poor people and become a magic weapon for the people to get rich. The peripheral nerves of financial precision and poverty alleviation have become healthy in Biyang.
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